Improvement in carriag-e-brake



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. MARSHALL & BlCKNELL.

Carriage Brake.

Patented Feb. 9, 1869.

. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. MARSHALL & BICKNELL.

Carriage Brake. V i

Patented. Feb. 9, 1869.

ii tnttri MOSES S. MARSHALL, OF S'OMERVILLE, AND JOSEPH G. BIOKNELL, OFCAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THEMSELVES, JOHN T. FOLSOM, ANDJOHN S FOLSOM; SAID MARSHALL ASSIGNOR TO SAID JOHN T. AND JOHN S.FOLSOM.

Letters Patent No. 86,770, dated February 9, 1869.

IIVIPROVEMEN'I' IN CARRIAGE-BRAKE.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known, that we, Moses S. MARSHALL, of Somerville, and JOSEPH 'G,BIGKNELL, of Cambridge, both inthe county of Middlesex, and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCarriage-Brakes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makingpart of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a plan or top View.

' Figure 2, a vertical transverse section n the line A B of fig. 1.

Figure 3, a longitudinal vertical section on the line Y Z of fig. 1.

Figure 4, a side elevation, and

Figure 5, an end view of the forward portion shown in figs. 1, 3, and 4.

This invention consists- First, in the use and application of slidingsocket-- brakes, A, to that portion of the stationary axle, B, of acarriage, cart, or other similar vehicle, just inside the wheel-hubs;and when the annular socket-portions, O, of such brakes extend outward,and encircle the inner ends of the hubs D, which aretapering, and fitand fill the interior of the sliding sockets when brought together; andwhen the sliding socket-brakes are connected and operated by arms E, anda central sliding plate or rod, F, as clearly shown in the drawings.-

Second, this invention consists in the employment of a transverse shaft,G, supported by stands a, and provided with a pin, 0, to engage with theend of the sliding plate F, and a lever, H, to turn the shaft G, andoperate the slide F in one direction, to apply the brakes to the hubs ofthe wheels, while a spiral spring, I, acting against a stud, 'n,projecting frorn'the slide F, operates the slide in the oppositedirection, to liberate the brakes, when desired.

Third, our invention ci insists of ,a longitudinal slid 'ing plate orrod, J, provided with a ratchet-rack, g, with which a spring or othercatch, a, engages. One end of the plate or rod Jconnects with the leverH, which operates the shaft G and sliding plate F, to apply the brakesto the hubs of the wheels; and the catch a and ratchet-rack hold theplate J and the lever H forward, and retain the brakes in action; andsaid brakes are released from action, to allow the wheels to turn, bypressing onthe stud b, the lower end of which is connected with thespring-catch c, which pressingaction disengages the latter from the racky, and allows the spiral spring I to throw the plate F forward, andliberate the brakes from the hubs, D, of the wheels.

Fourth, our invention consists of a transverse swinging lever, K, whichis pivoted to a support, 1:, beneath the sliding plate J, when combinedwith an operating-' lever, L, and connected with the sliding plate F bya pin, 72, for operating the latter and the arms E, to apply the brakesto the wheels; and the lower notched end of a latch, (I, which swings ona screw or pin, 2', in the side rail M, catches on the edge of the leverK, and holds the brakes in action; and said brakes are released fromaction by pressing on the rounded top, 4,, of the latch d, whichliberates the opposite end of the latch from the lever K, and allows thespiral spring I to act, as before.- I

The outer end of the lever K may have a step, m, connected by a stud, p,which will be a convenience in getting into or out of the vehicle.

The lever L may be, pivoted to the side rail M, or to any other suitablesupport convenient for operation.

The last-described operatil'lg-devices are intended to be used onexpress and other large and heavy wagons, but the first-describedoperating devices viz, the shaft G, lever H, plate J, and rack g, areintended for light vehicles, for which such parts may be best adapted.

In all cases, the sliding brakes A, arms E, and the plate or rod F areintended to be substantially as shown and described.

It will be observed that the slide F is slotted at y, to allow ofsutlicient sliding on screws a.

It wilt also be observed that the arms E connect with the sliding brakesA by pins 2;, to operate the same; and the top plates N of the brakesare slotted, and work on screws or guide-pins O, to insure their certainaction longitudinally with the axleB.

A second lever, H, maybe applied to shaft G, to extend forward beyondthe dasher, or front part, of the carriage.

The spring 3,-Which actuates the catch 0, is seen in figs. 1 and'3, andis fastened, at 2, to one of the crossplates k, which support thelongitudinal bar 5, on which the plate J slides, when operated by thelever H.

The spiral spring I may be enclosed in a mortise in the perch P, orsecured to the under side thereof.

When the, first-described operating-devices are applied to a Wagon orother vehicle, the brakes may be applied to the hubs of the wheels tothe desired de gree when the carriage is in motion, or fully appliedwhen the carriage is stopped, and the wheels secured until ready'tostart again.

The first part or operation of applying the brake is performed byplacing the foot on the plate J, and moving it forward, which operatesthe lever H, the shaft G, and the pin 0, the slide F, and arms E, andapplies the brakes to the hubs of the wheels.

To'release the brakes from active pressure on the top of the stud l),liberate the catch 0 from the rack g, and the spiral spring I throws theplate F forward,

and liberates the brakes from the hubs D.

Vhen the last-described operating-devices are applied to a wagon, asshown and described, the brakes are applied by drawing the top end ofthe lever L back, as indicated by an arrow in fig. 3, which throws theouter end of the swinging lever K forward, and the opposite end and theslide F backward; and, by

means of the united action of the arms E, pressing outward, the socketbrakes are brought into action with the tapering ends of the hubs D, asbefore described; and, in the use of the last-named devices, the brakesare released from action by pressing on the top of the rounded end, 4,of the-latch (I, which liberates the lower or notched end thereof fromthe edge of the lever L, when the spiral spring I throws the slide Fforward, causing the arm E to draw the socket-brakes inward, whichreleases the hubs D, and allows the wheels to turn freely.

Both of the operating-devices may be applied to the same vehicle, andboth operated together or separately; and, if one portion or set ofdevices should get broken or deranged, the other set or portion ofoperating-derices will be suificient to control the brakes and pre- Whatwe claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1., The socket-brakes A, the axle B, and wheel-hub D, in combinationwith the arms E and slide F, in

the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

2. The shaft G, pin 0, and lever H, in combination with the slide F,arms E, and socket-brakes A, in themanner and for the purposesubstantially as described.

3. The plate J, ratchet-rack g, catch a, spring 3, and

stud b, when combined and arranged to operate substantially as and forthe purpose described;

4. The levers L and K, and latch 01, in combination with the slide F,arms E, and socket-brakes A, in the manner and for the purposesubstantially as described.

5. The spring I, for operating the slide F, when releasing the brakesfrom the hubs of the wheels.

6.. The combination of all the operative parts herein described,arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

MOSES S. MARSHALL.

JOSEPH G. BIOKNELL. Witnesses:

JOHN E. CRANE, WM. S. BROWN.

